The existence and causes of gender gaps in pay and in occupational choice have been increasingly at the centre of research in economics, sociology, psychology, managerial science, and other fields. The research findings across countries and over time generally suggest that gaps exist and are...

Women are globally under-represented in top-tier jobs, and according to recent data, in 2013 only around 20 percent of board members in OECD countries were female (OECD, 2013). In addition, empirical studies using different research strategies and rich data consistently find that women earn less...

Women are globally under-represented in top-tier jobs, and according to recent data, in 2013 only around 20 percent of board members in OECD countries were female (OECD, 2013). In addition, empirical studies using different research strategies and rich data consistently find that women earn less...

Women are underrepresented in leadership positions - academia is no exception. Using data on careers of doctoral graduates in Germany, we study gender differences in the decision to stay at university as a postdoctoral researcher and in the intention to become a professor. We find that gender...

This paper explores whether and why a maternal "child penalty" to earnings would emerge even without changes in employment and hours worked. Using a matched event study design, we trace monthly changes in determinants of wages (job performance, human capital accumulation, and promotions). Data...

We examine the impact of government-funded universal paid parental leave extensions on the likelihood that mothers reach top-pay jobs and executive positions, using eight Norwegian reforms. Up to a quarter of a century after childbirth, such reforms neither helped nor hurt mothers' chances to be...

We examine the impact of government-funded universal paid parental leave extensions on the likelihood that mothers reach top-pay jobs and executive positions, using eight Norwegian reforms. Up to a quarter of a century after childbirth, such reforms neither helped nor hurt mothers' chances to be...

While the official gender pay gap figure is 9.1% for full-time workers, the pay gap between men and women aged 22-39 is negligible. The gap widens later in life, often as a result of women taking time out of the workplace to raise children, and returning to work in a part-time capacity, reducing...

Despite an influx of new gender pay gap data – ranging from negative gaps, to gaps exceeding 60% – the government’s new pay gap reporting measures fail to provide any meaningful insight into equal or fair pay for men and women in the workplace. The requirement to measure pay gaps across...

A robust literature establishes that women experience lasting penalties to their labor market earnings after having a child, but men do not. This paper explores possible factors behind earnings penalties. We evaluate the effect of parenthood on men’s and women’s job performance, human...