In Helsinn Healthcare v. Teva Pharmaceuticals, the Supreme Court considers whether the term "on sale" in 35 U.S.C. § 102, which lays out the rules for prior art that prevents patenting of inventions, contemplates only sales or offers for sale that render the relevant invention available to the...

Background: Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) manufacturing is an important segment of the Indian pharma industry. India ranks third in terms of volume of medicines produced, and is a major global supplier of generic medicines. However, India depends heavily on the import of several raw...

This book is open access under a CC-BY license. This book is about medicines production in sub-Saharan Africa, an enquiry driven by the vast unmet health needs of the sub-continent. It is a collective endeavour by a group of editors and authors with a strong African and more broadly Southern...