The behavioral responses to taxes and subsidies are often subject to various behavioral biases and transaction costs - what we define as "microfrictions". We develop a theoretical framework to show how these microfrictions - and their heterogeneity across the population and policy instruments -...

Economists have for decades recommended that carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases be taxed--or otherwise priced--to provide incentives for their reduction. The United States does not have a federal carbon tax; however, many state and federal programs to reduce carbon emissions effectively...