Cross-efficiency in data envelopment analysis (DEA) models is an effective way to rank decision-making units (DMUs). The common methods to aggregate cross-efficiency do not consider the preference structure of the decision maker (DM). When a DM’s preference structure does not satisfy the...

This paper investigates directional returns to scale (RTS) and illustrates this approach by studying biological institutes of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). Using the following input–output indicators are proposed: senior professional and technical staffs, middle level and junior...

Purpose: This paper aims to measure Chinese regional thermal industries’ evolution. Design/methodology/approach: This paper uses data envelopment analysis (DEA) and global Malmquist–Luenberger productivity (GMLP) index. Findings: The results reveal that the development of Chinese thermal...