We assess monetary convergence preceding the implementation of the European Monetary Union (EMU) through Kalman filtering estimates of the risk premium of eleven forward exchange rates of European and non-European currencies. Since all participating currencies are in effect identical from...

On August 11, 2015, China revamped its procedure for setting the official central parity of the renminbi (RMB) against the US dollar. Our empirical investigation suggests that the intertemporal dynamics of China's central parity shifted after this policy change, though the deviation of the RMB...

The cost of systemic risk in the over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives market is described and estimated. Modern portfolio theory (MPT), applied to OTC derivatives, predicts this cost, which has been growing since 1970. This cost grew because Congress blocked MPT's predicted market forces. Without...

Over-the-counter (OTC) traders cannot pursue the two fundamental objectives of portfolio management, the identification of portfolio market risk and return and its diversification. The result of this major market shortcoming is a complex, systemically risky market disequilibrium. The tradable...

On August 11 2015, China revamped its procedure of setting the official central parity of the renminbi (RMB) against the US dollar. Our empirical investigation shows that the intertemporal dynamics of China's central parity are not the same before and after this policy change. They are more...

In this paper, we propose a twin crises synthetic model. We show that there may be multiple equilibria on the exchange market as well as on the international financial one and emphasize the possible connections between currency and financial crises. On the exchange market, the currency...

We study the evolution of offshore renminbi trading between 2016 and 2019. The diffusion behaviour of offshore renminbi trading during this period is different from the one between 2013 and 2016. The geographical diffusion process displayed in the 2016-2019 period, in addition to the previously...

The Euro and the RMB are both relatively new currencies traded on the global foreign exchange market. While the Euro was introduced in 2001, China started cross-border settlement in RMB in 2009. We analyse the evolution of Euro trading based on data from the BIS triennial survey and compare the...

On August 11, 2015, China revamped its procedure for setting the official central parity of the renminbi (RMB) against the US dollar. Our empirical investigation suggests that the intertemporal dynamics of China’s central parity shifted after this policy change, though the deviation of the RMB...

The paper explores the view that the Asian currency and financial crises in 1997 and 1998 reflects structural and policy distortions in the countries of region, even if market overreaction and herding caused the plunge of exchange rates, asset prices and economic activity to be more severe than...