. However, migration also changes relative wages, alters the distribution of skills and affects equality in the receiving …

immigrants in production, gain in terms of both wages and employment. The effects on unskilled native workers, who compete with … immigrants, on the other hand, are ambiguous and depend first on the presence of a statutory minimum wage and second on the way … that this minimum wage is determined …

below where they would be assigned based on their skills. Downgrading leads to immigrants receiving lower returns to the … same skills than natives. The level of downgrading could depend on the type of immigrant and numerous factors. This study …

"Guest workers" earn higher wages overseas on temporary low-skill employment visas. This wage effect can quantify … information, debt, and later migration were incompatible with systematic fraud. …

This paper analyses the wage premia associated with workers' occupational use of foreign languages in Germany. After … fluent English skills are found. Returns to occupational use of other foreign languages are, if anything, restricted to a few … occupations that involve international factor flows. In such occupations it is likely that migrants can apply complementary skills …

'Guest workers' earn higher wages overseas on temporary low-skill employment visas. This wage effect can quantify … information, debt, and later migration were incompatible with systematic fraud. …

), labour demand and migration patterns. The adoption of new technologies might change the demand for labour in various ways … labour demand function. This is followed by an analysis of push and pull factors of bilateral migration that focuses on the …, which in turn will have an impact on skill composition and wage levels of different types of workers. We report the main …

labour market strategy aims at achieving 75% employment rate by 2020, for Romania the objective being 70% (Europe 2020 … and increasing shortages of labour and skills, which coexisted with low participation rates, as well as excess supply of … migration rate, the mortality and birth rates, the unemployment rate, the real earnings, the secondary and tertiary education …

The effect of foreign labor on native employment within an occupation depends on native labor supply to that occupation …-experiment is a legal requirement for employers to demand native labor with infinite elasticity at the wage earned by migrants; the … Carolina over a 15 year period. The wage elasticity of unemployed domestic workers' relative labor supply is 0.0015. This …

's earnings, wage, and employment loss after a mass layoff in comparison to a matched, nondisplaced, control worker. We find that … migrants face substantially higher earnings losses than natives due to both higher wage and employment losses. Differences in … individual characteristics and differential sorting across industries and occupations can fully explain the gap in wage losses …