. We find credit spreads to be negatively related to market size in small markets and positively related in large financial …

sales and employment growth for foreign firms. In addition, government support distorts credit allocation in the home market … bank resolution within the European Banking Union at the national level discourages international economic activity …, distorts credit towards less productive firms and harms growth …

Small businesses (SMEs) depend on banks for credit. We show that the severity of the Eurozone crisis was worse in … countries where firms borrowed more from domestic banks ("domestic bank dependence") than in countries where firms borrowed more … vulnerable to global banking shocks. We confirm, using a calibrated quantitative model, that domestic bank dependence makes …

This paper builds a dataset on bank ownership that covers more than 6,500 banks in 181 countries (59 low … reversed these trends. At the country level, the relationship between bank ownership and each of GDP growth and financial depth …. Bank-level regressions show that state-owned banks are less profitable and have a higher share of non-performing loans than …

that excessive credit growth, credit cycles, and bank failures are phenomena related to distinct patterns of banks …

We analyze the determinants of real estate and credit bubbles using a unique borrower-lender matched dataset on … mortgage loans in Spain. The dataset contain real estate credit and price conditions (loan principal and spread, and the … contract) and the lender identity, over the last credit boom and bust. We find that lending standards are softer in the boom …

This paper studies episodes in which aggregate bank credit contracts alongside expanding economic activity-credit …--on average, they occur every five years. By comparison, banking crises take place every eight years on average. Credit reversals …

This paper examines the negative externalities that may occur when a large bank fails, describes the nature of those … suggests that the chief negative externalities are associated with credit losses and losses due to liquidity problems, and … to their funds, and how long it takes borrowers to reestablish credit relationships. While regulatory delay and …

methodology to test the contagion effect at the country level using bilateral data on bank claims between countries. It measures … foreign claims sourced from Bank for International Settlements (i) consolidated banking statistics foreign claims on immediate …