Import tariffs are typically defined at a very detailed level, which is then used in trade negotiations. The WTO Framework Agreement of July 2004 proposes the use of a “tiered” formula where tariff lines classified in higher ‘bands’ are subject to proportionally higher cuts. Exceptions...

In a context in which price uncertainty is likely to increase, expected market trends need to be taken carefully into account while negotiating international trade policy rules. This paper aims at analyzing what is their influence on the use of policy flexibilities in the context of WTO...

This paper aims at making the world price endogenous within the AGMEMOD modelling approach. Thisapproach constructs country-level commodity market models where supply and demand sides are equalizedon the basis of the observed domestic prices. These prices are endogenous as they depend...

This paper aims at considering policyregimes while studying international price transmissionmechanisms. The focus is on the soft wheat marketbetween the United States and the European Union inthe years 1978-2003. EU domestic and border policiesare expected to play a strong role; a...