Motivated by debates about welfare state retrenchment and growing economic insecurity, this book takes a closer look at the situation of older workers in Germany and the US. It first provides an in-depth account of country differences in key social programs - and of crucial changes since the...

Angesichts anhaltend hoher und jüngst wieder steigender Arbeitslosenzahlen ist die Bekämpfung der Arbeitslosigkeit ein herausragendes Ziel deutscher wie europäischer Politik. Dabei ist es mit den „Hartz-Reformen“ der Jahre 2003 bis 2005 zuletzt zu den tiefstgreifenden arbeitsmarkt- und...

Mixed-effects multilevel models are often used to investigate cross-level interactions, a specific type of context effect that may be understood as an upper-level variable moderating the association between a lower-level predictor and the outcome. We argue that multilevel models involving...

We use PIAAC data on the literacy and numeracy skills of 49,366 25-to-54-year-olds in 27 countries to shed new light on cross-national variation in the labor market disadvantage of less-educated adults (i.e., those who have not completed upper secondary education). Our empirical analysis focuses...

Der Verlust des Arbeitsplatzes hat erhebliche finanzielle Folgen für ältere Beschäftigte. Wer im Alter von Anfang bis Mitte 50 den Job verliert, büßt mehrere ganze Jahreseinkommen ein. Im Zeitverlauf gibt es steigende Einkommenseinbußen für Männer, während sie für Frauen...

Quantitative comparative social scientists have long worried about the performance of multilevel models when the number of upper-level units is small. Adding to these concerns, an influential Monte Carlo study by Stegmueller (2013) suggests that standard maximum-likelihood (ML) methods yield...

We use PIAAC data to study the relationship between parental education and educational success among adults from 23 advanced economies. We consider educational success in terms of both educational attainment (formal qualifications) and educational achievement (competencies) and in both absolute...

Previous research unequivocally shows that immigrants are less successful in the labour market than the native-born population. However, little is known about whether ethnic inequality persists after retirement. We use data on 16 Western European countries from the European Union Statistics on...

Motivated by debates about welfare state retrenchment and growing economic insecurity, this book takes a closer look at the situation of older workers in Germany and the US. It first provides an in-depth account of country differences in key social programs - and of crucial changes since the...

[BACKGROUND:] By providing high-quality, internationally comparable data on the cognitive skills of working-age adults, the Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC) offers great potential for illuminating the complex interplay of formal qualifications and skills...