We use the share pledge context in China to examine how affiliated analysts whose securities companies are pledgees of share pledge firms issue stock recommendations on these listed firms. We find that their recommendations are more optimistic than those of non-affiliated analysts, and they are...

To combat energy shortage, RIES has become an important research direction in the international energy field. In order to improve energy efficiency and the large-scale consumption of renewable energy, this paper presents the key technologies of RIES, which consists of the coupling relationship,...