Purpose: This paper aims to suggest the preferred mode of financing for major sub-sectors of infrastructure: roads, seaports, telecommunication and energy by examining which mode of infrastructure financing – public, private or public–private partnership (PPP) – has the maximum positive...

The major objective of this paper is to identify conditions under which a true generator can or cannot exist for an empirically observed transition matrix. In this study, an approach to finding a valid generator has been presented and the signs to look for, when trying to choose the ‘correct'...

The purpose of this article is to examine the academic literature about the function, structure, calculation, and weaknesses of economic value added (EVA). EVA has been used as a measure of economic profit and captures the inadequacies of using traditional rates of return. In addition, this...

Disclosing information on environmental, social, and governance (ESG) parameters is voluntary for most firms across the world. Companies disclose their performance on ESG datapoints due to two main reasons-(i) to gain the trust of stakeholders through increased transparency and (ii) to comply...