Logistic regression analysis can provide an estimate of the odds ratio (OR), adjusted for a number of confounders. It is known that it is approximately equal to the associated adjusted relative risk (RR) if the incidence of an outcome of interest is rare in a cohort study or a clinical trial...

Pedestrians who cross streets during the red-man phase of traffic light signals expose themselves to safety and health hazards and hence are considered to be at risk. Pedestrians’ street-crossing behavior is in general the outcome of interaction between pedestrians and vehicles: the gaps...

For the purposes of both traffic-light control and the design of roadway layouts, it is important to understand pedestrian street-crossing behavior because it is not only crucial for improving pedestrian safety but also helps to optimize vehicle flow. This paper explores the mechanism of...