This report is organized into six chapters. The first chapter provides an introduction and presents a brief situation analysis of current research and development and manufacturing capacities in the region based on detailed desk review. The second chapter describes the importance of coordination...

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a devastating effect on the ASEAN region, which has recorded over 27 million cases of the virus. Despite rapid development of a range of COVID-19 vaccines using innovative technologies, access to these vaccines has been a challenge, with manufacturing mostly...

This paper examines the evolution of the gender employment gap post COVID-19 in the Egyptian manufacturing sector, using a unique firm-level data set. The findings show that the COVID-19 shock led to a slight improvement in the gender employment gap, both in absolute and relative terms, driven...

This report leverages patent data and relatedness analysis to identify the factors that affect the technological transition of firms toward industry 4.0 technologies by looking at the technological trajectories of Korean manufacturing firms. Based on a unique dataset of Korean manufacturing...

In an economy driven by its vital industrial sector, tackling the advancing threats of high energy consumption and GHG emissions has been a key challenge for pursuing energy efficiency in Korea. To aid policy makers promote energy efficiency in the industry sector, this report offers a...