When in distress, a firm may need restructuring or liquidation; in either case, legal uncertainty compounds the difficulty. Sound and efficient insolvency regimes are important as these not just positively affect investment, innovation, and economic growth, but also the supply and cost of...

This paper investigates the effect of reforms of insolvency regulations on cross-border debt and equity investments at a sectoral level. Using disaggregated data from the Securities Holdings Statistics by Sector (SHSS) and OECD-indicators on the efficiency of insolvency regulations, we find...

In 2009, the G-20 in London recommended that accounting standard setters, strengthen accounting recognition of loan-loss provisions by incorporating a broader range of credit information (G20 2009). In response, the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) issued International Financial...

This paper introduces a new global database and a policy classification framework that records the financial sector policy response to the COVID-19 pandemic across 154 jurisdictions. It documents that authorities around the world have taken a diverse array of measures to mitigate financial...

National Development Financial Institutions (NDFIs) are crucial for mobilizingthe required financing, including from private sources, to reach countries' climate and environmental (C&E) objectives. Funding needed to achievecountries' C&E goals is in the trillions of dollars, with many countries...

National Development Financial Institutions (NDFIs) are crucial for mobilizing the required financing, including from private sources, to reach countries' climate and environmental (C and E) objectives. Funding needed to achieve countries' C and E goals is in the trillions of dollars, with many...

Countries with de jure floating exchange rate regimes are often reluctant to allow their currencies to float freely in practice. One reason why countries may wish to limit exchange rate volatility is potential negative balance sheet effects due to currency mismatches on the balance sheets of...