Abstract: This paper deals with a special vehicle routing problem with backhauls where each customer receives items from a depot and, at the same time, returns items back to the depot. Moreover, time windows are assumed and three-dimensional loading constraints are to be observed, i.e. the items...

In this paper, a variant of the vehicle routing problem with mixed backhauls (VRPMB) is presented, i.e. goods have to be delivered from a central depot to linehaul customers, and, at the same time, goods have to be picked up from backhaul customers and brought to the depot. Both types of...