and combining those signals with priors to form posteriors. These posterior expectations exhibit as-if discounting: agents … forecasting (e.g., those with more intelligence) exhibit less discounting. Agents with more domain-relevant experience exhibit … less discounting. Older agents exhibit less discounting (except those with cognitive decline). Agents who are encouraged to …

Many discounting choices affect both the decision maker as well as others. The interpersonal nature of these choices is …

uncertainty by a measure of confidence. Special cases of the model comprise discounting under smooth ambiguity aversion as well as … discounting under a disentanglement of risk aversion from aversion to intertemporal substitution. The paper characterizes the … of the Ramsey discounting formula that takes into account confidence into future growth estimates and a measure of …

heterogeneity in discount rates is quantified for both an exponential discounting model and a competing hyperbolic model, but …