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In the euro area, there is mixed evidence that the GDP per capita of lower-income economies has been catching up with that of higher-income economies since the start of monetary union. The significant real convergence performance of some of the most recent members contrasts with that of the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011755500
This volume was prepared by Sebastian Benz while he was working at the Ifo Institute. It was completed in December 2013 and accepted as a doctoral thesis by the Department of Economics at the University of Munich. It includes five self-contained chapters. All chapters discuss different...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011742945
Against the background of increasing competition and other significant structural changes implied by globalisation, maintaining and enhancing competitiveness has evolved into one of the prime concerns in most countries. Following up on previous work (see in particular ECB Occasional Papers No....
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011639807
are applied to estimate integration effects: trade gravity models, CGE models, macro models. Following in't Veld's (2019 …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012234530
This article addresses the relationship between the GATT, the European Community and other RTAs as and when trade in services and other 'new areas' are incorporated into the GATT framework. The article first discusses the conceptual justifications for RTAs (as an alternative to utopian global...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014178186
The European Union is world’s greatest economic block. The 27 Member States share the single market, thus a single … trade policy. Further, Europe is the world’s largest exporter of goods and services and this market is managed through the … executive arm of the EU i.e. the European Commission. This means that there is one negotiator with the outside world in the name …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014180337
In this paper, I identify some stylized facts characterizing regional evolution in Europe during the eighties. In particular, I provide evidence of the existence of convergence clubs based on regional specialization. Afterward, I give an explanation of this empirical evidence based on the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014199731
This paper provides an up-to-date overview of the gradual development of differentiated integration and the ensuing changes in the nature of European integration. It considers the dynamics of deepening and widening of the EU and proposes the metaphor of a 'European Onion' that is designed to...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014218320
How does Italy position inside the European structure of trade relationships? How labour bilateral flows have changed over time? Which type of employment activity has been outsourced? Which insourced? Focusing on a three-country perspective, what are the employment bilateral relationships...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014251415
The development of pre-industrial Europe was driven by the expansion of trade. This paper describes the patterns of trade and shows how they can be understood in terms of differences in trading costs. It discusses how the different levels of trade?from local to transoceanic-contributed, both...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014138694