The rising cost of healthcare has become a global concern and is a significant challenge for low and middle-income countries, including Jordan. This study aims to develop new neural network models for predicting total health expenditure (EH) in Jordan over the period of 1990-2021. In the first...

This study examines the effects of urbanization on household health expenditure. Using a unique bi-annually household-level dataset from 2012-2016 from Vietnam, we obtain key findings as follows. To mitigate possible endogeneity concerns, we utilize a two-stage least squares regression (2SLS)...