Evidence on a causal link between family size and children’s education, as in the tradeoff suggested by Gary S. Becker … between child quantity and quality, is still inconclusive. Recent empirical studies have focused heavily on China, exploiting … provincial OCP regulations and studying exclusively post-compulsory schooling outcomes of children that are subject to parental …

, whose fertility choices are less constrained by the OCP than rich ones, have more children but invest less in human capital …This study finds that China's one-child policy (OCP), one of the most extreme forms of birth control in recorded … history, has amplified economic inequality across generations in China since its introduction in 1979. Poor Chinese families …