Open conference calls reveal important information because of their forward-looking discussion, interactive nature, and easy accessibility. Using Bloomberg data, we investigate why firms hold earnings conference calls at different times of the day and how the stock market interprets and reacts...

We study how nonprofit profitability affects external funding. Using a sample of over 273 thousand U.S. nonprofit organization (NPO) observations between 1999-2019, we find that profitability is associated with greater public support; however, when NPOs are excessively profitable, they receive...

We show that banks with high environmental, social, and governance (ESG) ratings issue fewer mortgages in poor neighborhoods—in quantity and dollar amount—than banks with low ESG ratings. This lending disparity is observed at both the county and census tract level and worsens in disaster...

Skewness-based proxies are widely used in accounting and finance research. To study how the skewness of a dependent variable Y varies with conditioning variables X, researchers typically compute firm-specific skewness measures over a short rolling window and regress them on X. However, we show...

IFRS 17 requires a significant change to insurer accounting, and we look at some of the frictions resulting from its implementation. We make three points. First, since IFRS 17 is a principles-based standard, it will be costly to implement. Audit committees must become sophisticated users of the...

We show that firms' investment opportunity sets (IOS) are multidimensional. Analyzing Form 10-K texts, we identify 445 unique keywords that predict firms' future investments during 1995-2009 and combine them into 43 underlying factors. Industry-specific factors include Bio-Pharma, Banking,...

Cost-volume-profit (CVP) analysis is based on a linear model of earnings behavior. However, recent research documents two potential sources of asymmetry in earnings: cost stickiness and conditional conservatism. We examine the implications of these asymmetries for CVP analysis and develop an...

Prior research concludes that financial analysts do not process public information efficiently in generating their earnings forecasts. The OLS regression-based tests used in prior studies assume implicitly that analysts face a quadratic loss function. In contrast, we argue that analysts likely...

We examine whether financial analysts fully incorporate expected inflation in their earnings forecasts for individual stocks. We find that expected inflation proxies, such as lagged inflation and inflation forecasts from the Michigan Survey of Consumers, predict the future earnings change of a...