Regional disparities and spatial clustering are ubiquitous in today's world. This study contributes with empirical findings on the distribution of European research and patenting activity since the 1980s at the regional level. Besides a general theoretical part, it offers a quantitative...

Introduction -- Varieties of capitalism and innovation : the Silicon Valley model -- How an American technology cluster emerged and became sustainable : San Diego biotechnology -- The German biotechnology industry : the limits of orchestrated innovation -- Biotechnology in the UK : good but not...