This study examines the heterogeneous effect of income diversification on Vietnamese household welfare measured by …

of their practical importance for the measurement of inequality and poverty, a large number of methods for the estimation … this paper, we employ German household expenditure data to estimate exact equivalence scales using several parametric … estimate are close to the modified OECD scale. Calculating the Gini coefficient, we find that the at-risk-of-poverty rate and …

Equivalence scales are often used to adjust household income for differences in characteristics that affect needs. For … those implied by the ‘square root of household size’ equivalence scale. Our results have important implications when …

economies of scale are understated (as is the case when using the 'square root of household size'), the relative poverty … larger than those implied by the widely accepted 'square root of household size' equivalence scale. Our results indicate that …

pandemic reduced household income, increased the poverty rate, and worsened wage equality. It increased the proportion of below …