This paper explores the behaviour of knowledge in the short and long term. Knowledge behaves very different in the short term than in the long term. Once we can measure knowledge it is then possible to look at its behaviour, an impossibility if there where no theory formulated to measure...

Use of Macroeconometric models has by now assumed a measure of universality as an unavoidable aid to forecasting and policy analysis; challenges and controversies spread over more than two decades notwithstanding.1 While such models are typically designed and utilised for dealing with short term...

The sustainable development has an important moral dimension and promotes economic increase and social welfare. Durability, in doctrine, represents the economic development and progress that must maintain during time. Durability, can be, also, defined as an area that demands creativity and...

The consequences of environmental and energy policies in the U.S. can be severely constrained by physical limits of the electric power grid. Flows do not follow the shortest path but are distributed over all lines in accordance with the laws of physics, so grid operators must select which...

ILO pub. Article on planning for training in developing countries (educational planning) - considers problems involved in using long term labour force forecasts as a means of determining training needs and priorities, affirms the need to take into account the different types of technical...

Long term trends in happiness and income are not related; short term fluctuations in happiness and income are positively associated. Evidence for this is found in time series data for developed countries, transition countries, and less developed countries, whether analyzed separately or pooled....

This paper was prepared for the First Journées d'Economie et Econométrie de l'Asssurance, in Rennes, October 22nd and 23rd, 2009. It's a melting pot of several papers that I have written with my co-authors, plus a very short summary of Graciella Chichilnisky enlightening results. But, before...

The reduction of greenhouse gas emission is now firmly established at the top of the public policy agenda, to the extent that it is increasingly often presented as one of the major constraints which will be placed on activities, particularly in the transport sector. This sector creates large...