The <i>in situ</i> effects of planning and policy often go unnoticed, but their impacts are broad ranging, influencing the social, cultural, economic, and environmental fabric of a community every day. Challenges to planning and policy processes include an enormous range of uncertainties, obfuscating...

This paper examines the role of the federal government in the market for terrorism reinsurance. We investigate the stock price response of affected industries to a sequence of thirteen events culminating in the enactment of the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act (TRIA) of 2002. In the industries most...

Road segments, telecommunication wiring, water and sewer pipelines, canals and the like are important features of the urban environment. They are often conceived of and represented as network-based arcs. As a result of the usefulness and significance of arc-based features, there is a need to...

Soil organic matter (SOM) in different density fractions has different characteristics and turnover rates. The environmental fates and risks of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) associated with different SOM fractions are inevitably different during the transformation of SOM. Four...

We examine the real effect of local financial agglomeration on firms’ financing constraints using a sample of publicly listed firms in China. We adapt principal component analysis to measure the degree of financial industry concentration at the provincial level. The results indicate that firms...