This paper investigates the direction of information flow between world stock markets during the recent financial crisis by conducting Granger causality tests in a three variables system. We employ daily rates of return for three representative stock market indices: S&P 500 for the US, BET-C for...

This paper focuses on four major aggregate stock price indexes (SP 500, Stock Europe 600, Nikkei 225, Shanghai Composite) and two "safe-haven" assets (Gold, Swiss Franc), and explores their return co-movements during the last two decades. Significant contagion effects on stock markets are...