The threshold vector error correction model is a popular tool for the analysis of spatial price transmission and market … regimes, the profile likelihood estimator displays large bias and variance. Such settings are likely when studying price … by Goodwin and Piggott (2001), and an analysis of price transmission between German and Spanish markets for pork …

substantial price differences between gas from different export countries, and do prices move together? Time series of Norwegian …, Dutch and Russian gas export prices to Germany in 1990-1998 are examined. Cointegration tests show that the different border … prices for gas to Germany move proportionally over time, indicating an integrated gas market (the Law of One Price holds). We …

In this study, we examined the price transmission dynamics and market integration among domestic markets for Uganda …. The Wald test revealed asymmetric price transmission (APT) in speed alone for the pairs wholesale and retail prices of … prices respond more strongly to wholesale price increases than decreases, an implication of positive APT in the marketing …