. Little is known, however, as to why publicly provided goods diverge among urban and rural regions. We exploit narrow … urban-rural gap in public infrastructure. Leftwing governments relocate hospital beds from rural regions. We propose that … leftwing governments do so to gratify their more urban constituencies. In turn, spatial inequalities in hospital infrastructure …

isolation and subjective welfare. This is achieved by examining how distance to markets and proximity to large urban centers are …

importance of farm and urban linkages for rural nonfarm employment. The econometric results indicate that high return wage work … and self-employment in nonfarm activities cluster around major urban centers. The negative effects of isolation on high … need for improved connectivity of regions with higher agricultural potential to urban centers for nonfarm development in …

understanding of urban-rural gradients has become a key issue for urban planning. These interstitial territories are characterized … satellite images, this study proposes a novel and accurate method to identify urbanization patterns. It was applied to the urban-rural … transects, results suggest that the MDQ presents patterns of urban diffusion and coalescence. The diffusion starts at the urban …

level. Furthermore, the analysis focused on the results based on the urban-rural typology, that pointed out some differences … between the competitiveness level, namely a lower level in the case of predominantly rural regions, compared to the … intermediate and predominantly urban ones. …