's counterfactual work behavior. We show that extending parental leave has significant positive effects on children's health and human … provided by mothers (or formal institutions) is superior to informal care-arrangements. …

's counterfactual work behavior. We show that extending parental leave has significant positive e.ects on children's health and human … provided by mothers (or formal institutions) is superior to informal care-arrangements. …

This paper analyses the effects of maternal school starting age and maternal age-at-birth on children's short and long …-term outcomes using Finnish register data. We exploit a school-starting-age rule for identification. Mothers who are born after the … school entry cut-off give birth at higher age, but total fertility and earnings are unaffected. Being born after the cut …

children's health at birth, subsequent maternal health and fertility, and longterm human capital outcomes of children. Our …Maternity leave policies are presumed to be essential to ensure the health of pregnant workers and their unborn … children. However, little is known about the optimal duration of prenatal maternity leave and existing policies are not …

data from hospital administrative records between 2003 and 2012, babies' health is found to be strongly pro-cyclical. A one … 1.4%, and a 0.1% decrease in foetal growth. We find heterogenous responses: unemployment has an effect on babies' health … evidence of three channels that can explain the overall negative effect of unemployment on new-born health: maternal stress …

health and women's earnings following IVF birth, along-side an increase in subsequent fertility. We provide the first …