This paper reviews the evolution of China''s real effective exchange rate between 1980 and 2002, and uses a structural vector autoregression model to study the relative importance of different types of macroeconomic shocks for fluctuations in the real exchange rate. The structural decomposition...

This paper investigates the aftermarket volatility and underpricing of the Initial Public Offerings (IPO) listed on Toronto Stock Exchange during the period 1990-1999. The results indicate that the aftermarket volatility has increased significantly for IPOs issued in the recent years. The...

Recently, matrix norm <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$$l_{2,1}$$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"> <math xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <msub> <mi>l</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </math> </EquationSource> </InlineEquation> has been widely applied to feature selection in many areas such as computer vision, pattern recognition, biological study and etc. As an extension of <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$$l_1$$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"> <math xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <msub> <mi>l</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> </math> </EquationSource> </InlineEquation> norm, <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$$l_{2,1}$$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"> <math xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <msub> <mi>l</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </math> </EquationSource> </InlineEquation> matrix norm is often used to find...</equationsource></equationsource></inlineequation></equationsource></equationsource></inlineequation></equationsource></equationsource></inlineequation>

To further specify significance and development orientation of Hainan National Breeding and Multiplication (hereinafter referred to as HNBM), such concepts as value engineering, industrial cluster and regional economy were introduced by analyzing its properties and interpreting relevant...

In this paper, to investigate the synthetic effffect of PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis) and ART (antiretrovial therapy) on HIV transmission among MSM (men who have sex with men) in heterogenous environment, an realistic HIV epidemic model with spatial diffusion is established. Here, HIV...

Tyrosine-containing peptide nano-assemblies have received tremendous attention because of their potential applications in biomedicine and nanomaterial fields. However, a current outstanding challenge is to direct the equilibrium between oxidative polymerization of precursors and the non-covalent...