states, Prussia granted patents more restrictively by setting higher novelty requirements. Though, patent fees were much … patent-regime change on world-fair exhibits per capita, which we use as a proxy for non-patented innovation. We interpret …This paper analyzes the consequences of radical patent-regime change by exploiting a natural experiment: the forced …

This chapter summarizes the basic characteristics of patent data as an innovation indicator and reviews some of the … recent research using patent data, focusing on major developments since Griliches in 1990 [Griliches, Z. (1990). “Patent … availability of patent data on an increasingly global scale and the accompanying global spread of research using patent data. The …

for all patents granted in England in the period 1700-1850. Our findings indicate that macroinventions did not exhibit any …