-optimization model with sharecropping, endogenous fertility and status seeking. We show that tenant farming is the major obstacle to … escaping the Malthusian trap with high fertility and low productivity. A land reform provides peasant families higher returns … decreases fertility and increases productivity in agriculture in the short and long runs. The European demographic history …

This article examines pollution and environmental mortality in an economy where fertility is endogenous and output is … decreasing fertility and the population size. Correspondingly, if the clean sector is more capital intensive, then the emission … tax decreases the wage and increases fertility. Although the proportion of the dirty sector in production falls, the …