over the business cycle. We used mass layoffs to estimate the causal effects of involuntary job loss on fertility in the … estimator was employed. We find that the extent to which job displacement had adverse effects on fertility depended on the …

In this paper, we conduct an empirical study of how uncertainty alters fertility behavior. The precautionary motive for … saving predicts that an increase in income uncertainty increases saving by reducing both consumption and fertility. We … countries for the period from 1996 to 2017. The empirical findings indicate that uncertainty decreases the fertility rate, as …