Before the advent of crude oil production in Nigeria, Nigeria's main stay was agriculture and was dominated by palm crude oil production. Despite all these the Nigerian palm crude oil production and exportation is ranked 4th in the world. In the light of the poor performance of the Nigerian...

Steel is fundamental material for many industries that could produced by blast furnace (BF) and direct reduced Iron technology (DRI) .these two technologies differ from each other in term of difference of production cost, energy consumption, investment and environment issues. The purpose of this...

"The volume examines the issue of brain drain in Central Asia. The chapters analyse the causes of brain drain and the methodologies of addressing it with case studies in the region. They also investigate various policies that could lead to brain circulation and eventually brain gain. The volume...

The present study focuses upon the applications of currently available intelligence techniques to forecast exchange rates in short and long horizons. The predictability of exchange rate returns is investigated through the use of a novel cointegration-based neuro-fuzzy system, which is a...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify whether any financial integration exists among ASEAN+5 members and some East Asian countries, including China, Japan, Korea, Hong Kong, and Taiwan, through interest rate, exchange rate, level of prices, and real output....