We empirically investigate the impact of a proxy threat on corporate policies and find that the credibility of a proxy threat encourages incumbent managers to pursue more leveraged, more dividend paying, and less acquisitive policies. We provide the first evidence that the disciplinary effects...

Given the frequency and its important value implication of post-IPO M&A activity, we investigate empirically whether investors can utilize information based on IPO deal structure to predict merger and acquisition activity among newly public firms. Consistent with the hypothesis that some firms...