This paper presents a Keynesian critique of Steve Keen's treatment of the aggregate demand–credit–endogenous money nexus. It argues his analytic intuition is correct but is developed in the wrong direction. Keen's fundamental relation describing determination of AD in an endogenous...

Keynesians know that if US austerity advocates had received just a few more votes in the November 2008 election, there would have been no fiscal stimulus or financial rescue in 2009 and the Great Recession would have turned into a second great depression. ‘Keynesian’ means...

I thank Tom Michl for his insightful and gracious note (Michl 2013) pointing out a mistake in my paper (Palley 2013a) on fiscal policy in post-Keynesian economics. Despite correctly deriving the analytic condition (ibid., p. 85, footnote 6), I incorrectly drew the IS-ZZ diagram in figure 2,...

Recent Kaldorian growth models emphasize the need to reconcile the demand-led actual rate of growth and the potential rate of growth. This issue is revisited in light of criticism suggesting it is a ‘red herring’. An explicit model of the supply side is used to show that, in a...

This paper attempts to emphasize the role of the rate of profit on the balance of payments by integrating the Marxian rate of profit with the post-Keynesian balance-of-payments-constrained growth model (Thirlwall’s Law). In this regard, the domestic rate of profit determines the direction...

This paper tries to demonstrate that the endogeneity of money in the Argentinean currency board, known as Convertibility, was compatible with the heterodox endogenous money approach. The Argentinean Convertibility was interpreted by the conventional view as a pure case of the...

Steve Keen argues that post-Keynesians have not sufficiently emphasized the revolutionary character of endogenous money for macroeconomic theory, and that this should be done by recognizing that aggregate demand is equal to current or past income plus the change in debt. This equation,...

This paper presents a framework to assess the likely impact of fiscal austerity in the Euro area, as a response to the turmoil in the financial markets. We provide some evidence on the sequence of events which generated public deficits and debts, and show that rising debts and deficits were the...

The classical argument for free trade stressed the possibilities of economic growth by exploiting the gains from trade. A trade surplus per se was not the main objective; presumably the argument was that trade would be balanced at the new higher growth rate. Moreover, the arguments for free trade...

Kaldor's first law of growth posits a positive causal relation between the growth of manufacturing output and the growth of GDP due to static and dynamic returns to scale in manufacturing and rising productivity outside the manufacturing sector as resources are transferred from diminishing...