competition and two-way offshoring and to integrate theoretical results of the early offshoring literature. …

stages is bounded only by the fragmentation of the underlying engineering process, and lower frictions monotonically increase …

This paper examines various economic issues on offshoring (international outsourcing). It begins with a discussion of … offshoring certain stages of production and the advantages of specializing in some input production and engaging in input trade …. The paper then examines the recent trend in offshoring with special emphases on the rise of IT offshoring and the …

paper is motivated by recent evidence that trade has greatly expanded on the extensive margin (aka fragmentation, vertical … specialization, offshoring) by adding newly traded goods and services and that much of this new trade is in intermediates. I provide … results in interesting subtleties as initially-traded goods change their trade status following fragmentation. I illustrate …

-way offshoring/trade-in-tasks. …

stages is bounded only by the fragmentation of the underlying engineering process, and lower frictions monotonically increase …

With production activity tending rapidly towards international fragmentation, this study examines the consequences for … labour countries of the forms of specialisation brought about by fragmentation processes. It further addresses the risk that …

industry as a whole after the fall of the Iron Curtain but have, in accordance with regional theories of spatial fragmentation … spatially with each other. We hypothesize that this spatial rebundling is a consequence of offshoring, i.e., international … fragmentation. …