Is there any evidence that innovation and technological progress are contained by competition and fostered by monopoly … that this is not the case.On the contrary, using both patent statistics and productivity growth as alternative measures of … innovation and technical change, we observe faster technological advances in more competitive markets. These results are robust …

A decade after the State Street decision, more than 1,000 business method patents are granted each year. Yet only one … in ten is obtained by a financial institution. Most business method patents are also software patents. Have these patents … increased innovation in financial services? To address this question we construct new indicators of R&D intensity based on the …

distribution of patent races by technology, evidence for strategic delay of innovation by incumbent firms, and evidence that patent …The U.S. Patent and Trademark Office resolves patent priority disputes in patent interference cases. Using a random … sample of cases declared between 1988 and 1994, we establish a connection between patent interferences and patent races, and …

This paper investigates the extent to which international trade hinges onpatents. We analyze the export and patenting … observe export and patenting activities worldwide and at the product level. We exploit how heterogeneity of patent … coverageacross (and within) product-country relates to exports. We find a patent premium of at least 10 percent, which is mainly …

This chapter surveys the literature on international trade and the protection of intellectual property rights (IPRs) in … the global economy. The discussion is organized around the major questions in the field. How does openness to trade affect … national incentives for patent protection? What is the rationale for international coordination over patent policies? Given …

The doctrine of "patent exhaustion" implies that the authorized sale of patented goods "exhausts" the patent rights in … model of domestic patent exhaustion that incorporates transaction costs in consumer licensing, and examines how a shift in … patent policy from absolute to presumptive exhaustion, in which the patent owner can opt- out of exhaustion via contract …

innovation system more closely on private funding and markets, and thus on the acquisition of patents at the front end of the … coming innovation pipeline. The choice to rely on private markets and patents is highly debatable. But it is certain to … climate change technologies. The article then describes six proposals for maximizing the innovation potential of the patent …

examination and investigation and the economic impact of patents on development and local infrastructures is of significant … concern. However, the cultural impact of patent law is arguably examined with less emphasis, somewhat in contrast to the … by the editor to the collection of essays, Patenting Lives: Life Patents, Culture and Development, considers the nature …

on the effects of the patent stock on profitability. The database is a representative sample of German manufacturing … patent stock has a strong and robust effect on profitability …

that would form in the absence of effective antitrust. Difference-in-differences regressions of patents and patent …Patent pools have become a prominent mechanism to reduce litigation risks and facilitate the commercialization of new … citations across 20 industries imply a 14 percent decline in patenting for each additional patent that is included in a pool. An …