, maritime transport, logistics services, and customs services. Successes in regulatory reforms as well as the remaining … congested Metro Manila roads, and through improvements in operations, which is the case in customs administration. …

corruption. Adverse interactions between politics, business and law enforcement generate obstacles for the rule of law and remain …

Can governments successfully combat bureaucratic corruption by "hiring integrity" from the private sector? This paper … data that governments can use to fight corruption in customs agencies. I find that countries implementing such inspection … does not change appreciably. Additional evidence suggests that declines in customs corruption are behind the import duty …

lawbreaking methods with lower variable costs, the overall crime rate need not fall. This paper examines a customs reform in the …

terms of extortion and evasion. On one hand, corruption taxes trade, when corrupt customs officials in the importing country …This paper analyzes the impact of corruption on bilateral trade flows, highlighting the dual role of corruption in … extort bribes from exporters (the extortion effect); on the other, if tariffs are high, corruption may be trade enhancing …

factor in determining a country’s level of corruption. In a simple growth model, we illustrate the interrelationships between … natural resources, corruption, and economic growth, and discuss potential anti-corruption policies. We show that the extent of … corruption depends on natural resource abundance, government policies, and the concentration of bureaucratic power. Furthermore …

procedures mainly benefit small firms, the simplification of documents and automation tend to favor large firms' trade. This is … particular), other chapters in the TFA reduce the scope for corruption at borders, making large firms less reluctant to serve …