The aim of the paper is to analyse the association between the use of accrual-based and real earnings management practices before the company goes public and the decision of institutional investors on buying or refraining from buying shares offered in initial public offering (IPO). The sample...

Objective: The findings of previous research on women serving on company boards have been inconclusive, with some demonstrating a positive influence of women on company performance while others indicate a lack of impact. While certain theories advocate for the appointment of women to the board,...