Increasing mothers' labour supply in a child's preschool years can cause a reduction in time investments that lead to a … negative direct effect on mid-childhood and teenage outcomes. But as mothers' work hours increase, income will rise. We ask … variation in both mothers' hours and family income in pre-school years. As expected we find a negative direct effect of an …

earnings and decreases the compensating increase in fathers' earnings in households with below median earnings, but not in … households with above median earnings. Although childcare affects relative earnings contributions within the household, there is … no effect on total household earnings. …

earnings and decreases the compensating increase in fathers' earnings in households with below median earnings, but not in … households with above median earnings. Although childcare affects relative earnings contributions within the household, there is … no effect on total household earnings. …

future.’ In this article, I examine trends in the employment gap between mothers and fathers of young children over the last …In 1985, Gary Becker predicted employment and childcare sex gaps may ‘disappear or be greatly attenuated in the near …

This paper assesses the short-run impact of first-year maternal employment on low-income children's cognitive … Birth cohort of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, the OLS results show that children of working mothers score higher …-of-youngest-child exemptions - as a source of quasi-experimental variation in maternal employment. The 1996 welfare reform law empowered states to …

benefits also reduce take-up of paid leave by mothers, lower the chances of having further children, and have no impact on … available to high-earning women after their first childbirth on subsequent within-couple earnings inequality. Lower benefit … amounts result in a reduced earnings gap that persists beyond the benefit period for at least nine years after the birth. The …

This paper examines the effect of the introduction of a 1982 maternity benefit program on childbearing, employment and … paid leave and a small cash payment at birth. We use individual-level panel data on birth, employment and marital status … increase in completed fertility. Second, we find an increase in overall female employment, likely due to the desire to qualify …