Truck appointment systems (TAS) are a well-recognized method to smooth the peaks in truck arrivals at seaport container terminals and thereby reduce operation costs for the terminals and waiting times for trucking companies. This study analyzes the influence of different drayage patterns on the...

Purpose: Truck appointment systems (TAS) are a reliable method for seaport container terminals to reduce peaks in truck arrivals. Thereby, the operation costs for terminals and the waiting times for trucking companies are reduced. The focus of this study is to optimize TAS by analyzing and...

Background: Scheduling the arrival of external trucks in container terminals is a critical operational decision that faces both terminal managers and trucking companies. This issue is crucial for both stakeholders since the random arrival of trucks causes congestion in the terminals and extended...