The article gives a general overview of the process of forming a customs union among three Soviet successor states – Belarus, Kazakhstan and Russia. Following some theoretical considerations, the author outlines the evolution of the idea of customs union within the CIS. Thereafter, he analyses...

According to the standard view, when full competition prevails in product, labour, and capital markets, positive or negative exter- nal trade shocks may be accommodated by the migration of jobs be- tween sectors; the negative impact on some households income of lower nominal wages will be more...

Growth in emerging market economies (EMEs) is set to durably slow from the rates observed over 2010-12 as cyclical effects fade, potential growth declines and external financing conditions tighten. Large negative current account balances make some EMEs vulnerable to sudden reversals in capital...

Opinion over the global implications of China's rise is divided between critics and proponents. Critics see it as having developed at the expense of both investment and employment in the US, Europe and Japan. Proponents emphasise improvements in the terms of trade and reductions to the cost of...

Over the time, the Euro area proved to be an experimental region, an analytical model for the process of monetary integration, therefore a support for the development of the concept of optimum currency area. The global financial and economic crisis which started in 2007 and which changed the...

While developing countries as a group did better than developed countries in 2008-09 recession, transition economies – former communist countries – experienced the largest reduction of output. Out of 42 countries that experienced negative growth in 2007-09, 13 were transition economies. In...

The paper deals with changes in the competitiveness of 12 countries forming the euro area in 1999-2000. These changes are analyzed using various macroeconomic indicators (real exchange rate, trade ratios, labor market and economic output performance). Due to the different levels of development...

On 4 March 2011, SUERF – The European Money and Finance Forum and the National Bank of Poland jointly organised a conference on the theme of: "Monetary Policy after the Crisis". Following a call for papers with a large number of submissions, the scientific committee selected 9 papers, which...

La crisis internacional reciente no ha invalidado el conocimiento adquirido previamente sobre los orígenes y las curas de las crisis económicas. Por el contrario, lo ha confirmado. En este artículo se describen tres lecciones de siempre, confirmadas por la última crisis internacional....

In a country such as China, which maintains strict controls on foreign exchange and frequently intervenes in the currency market, it is not surprising that the local currency is persistently undervalued in nominal terms. Normally, one would expect such a policy of deliberate currency...