In this paper we empirically investigate the causal link between energy consumption and economic growth employing a Markov switching Granger causality analysis. We carry out our investigation using annual U.S. real GDP, total final energy consumption and total primary energy consumption data...

This paper investigates the role of financial markets in evaluating the asymmetric impact of monetary policy on real output over the business cycle. We use quarterly US data which cover 1971:q1-2011:q4 and implement an instrumental variables Markov regime switching methodology to account for the...

This paper empirically examines the relation between energy consumption volatility and unpredictable variations in real gross domestic product (GDP) in the UK. Estimating the Markov switching ARCH model we find a significant regime switching in the behavior of both energy consumption and GDP...