We use a survey of small rural enterprises from Tanzania to identify subjective as well as objective obstacles to expansion and productivity of the country's rural non-farm sector. Our results suggest that infrastructure constraints significantly reduce participation in the sector and investment...

A number of factors, including a recent rediscovery of the agricultural sector, growing demands for large-scale land acquisition, and economic growth, have increased demand for land registration in Africa. On the basis of a review of evidence, we argue that, in most cases, a key benefit from...

Intro -- Contents -- About the Authors -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Overview -- Background and Motivation -- Key Results and Policy Recommendations for Pilot Countries -- Next Steps in Scaling Up LGAF Implementation -- 1. Why Is a Land Governance Framework Needed? -- Why It Is...

Rural poverty remains widespread and persistent in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. A group of leading experts critically examines the impact of land tenure reforms on poverty reduction and natural resource management in countries in Africa and Asia with highly diverse historical contexts.

The importance of good land governance to strengthen women's land rights, facilitate land-related investment, transfer land to better uses, use it as collateral, and allow effective decentralization through collection of property taxes has long been recognized. The challenges posed by recent...

While studies have explored the impacts of political quotas for females at household level, differential effects on males and females and their evolution through time have received little attention. Using nationwide data from India spanning a 15-year period, we find that, while leader quality...