We obtain measures of demand and supply shock spillovers across the U.S. manufacturing industries using monthly data on …, demand shocks propagate upstream through the production channel. Statistical tests strongly support that the input … industrial production (1976-2022) and producer prices (1947-2022). Analyzing the spillovers/connectedness measures and the input …

We address two important sources of bias that remain unaccounted for in most analyses of firm-level productivity and … trade policy, i.e., omitted output price bias and demand shocks. Using firm-level data containing product-level price and … being a primary determinant of firm survival, our precise controls for demand shocks also help account for quality …

dental care, (ii) productivity, technical efficiency and economies of scale in dental care production, and finally (iii …The purpose of this chapter is to review dental economics in three major areas: (i) demand for and utilisation of …