ghost students. Thus, accounting for academic inactivity is essential to prevent the misreporting of dropout rates. Inactive … students are attracted to in-kind student benefits or use the university as a bridge to their professional or academic careers …. The social costs associated with such inactive students amount to 3.3% of public spending on higher education in NRW …

outcomes between richer and poorer students who leave school with good attainment levels. From a set of policies aimed at … targets the supply side by enforcing universities to give preferential admission to poorer students who graduate near the top … of their secondary school class. This policy would substantially narrow earnings gaps between richer and poorer students …

Many students enrolled in academic programs around the world take longer to obtain a degree than the normal completion … University in Italy, this paper shows that an increase of 1,000 euro in the continuation tuition reduces the probability of late …

Many students enrolled in academic programs around the world take longer to obtain a degree than the normal completion … University in Italy, this paper shows that an increase of 1,000 euro in the continuation tuition reduces the probability of late …