Strategic petroleum reserve (SPR) plays an important role in ensuring energy security. China has launched the SPR in response to the potential oil shortage since 1970. The optimal scale of SPR has become a concern to policy makers. The paper adopts a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model to...

The integrated algal biorefinery (IABR) was deliberated as a feasible alternative to fossil fuels. After the processes of algae cultivation and pretreatment, the algae biomass with different carbohydrate/lipid contents is split into the carbohydrate process for producing fuel/chemicals and the...

To investigate the initial morphological evolution of 321 stainless steel (SS) films, we examined the effect of sputtering time on the morphology of 321 SS film. In this study, a group of samples were prepared at nine different sputtering times within 20 s using radio-frequency (r.f.) magnetron...

Microgrids have become a hot topic driven by the dual pressures of environmental protection concerns and the energy crisis. In this paper, a challenge for the distributed control of a modern electric grid incorporating clusters of residential microgrids is elaborated and a hierarchical...

We present a novel methodology for a comprehensive statistical analysis of approximately periodic biosignal data. There are two main challenges in such analysis: (1) the automatic extraction (segmentation) of cycles from long, cyclostationary biosignals and (2) the subsequent statistical...

Time-dependent picture of two harmonically coupled particles passing over an asymmetrical barrier and then distributing over a double-well potential is considered. The coupling-induced transition of states is investigated through calculating the survival probability of the center-of-mass of two...

Constructing generative models for functional observations is an important task in statistical functional analysis. In general, functional data contains both phase (or x or horizontal) and amplitude (or y or vertical) variability. Traditional methods often ignore the phase variability and focus...

Because of external financing costs, private business owners often need to self-finance new investment projects. These self-financing needs create an incentive for business owners to hold financial assets whose payoffs are positively correlated with self-financing needs. If this effect is...

Sensitivity tests are used to make inferences about a sensitivity, a characteristic property of some products that cannot be observed directly. For binary response sensitivity data (dead or alive, explode or unexplode), the Langlie and Neyer are two well-known sensitivity tests. The priorities...