. Payday credit is priced per dollar borrowed, so when that option is available, depositors prone to small overdrafts switch … at banks and other depository institutions increases when depositors have access to payday credit. Our findings …

Standard economic theory says that unsecured, high-interest, short-term debt -- such as borrowing via credit cards and … transitory income shock of unemployment. Instead, individuals smooth their credit card debt and overdrafts by adjusting … consumption. We first use detailed longitudinal information on debit and credit card transactions, account balances, and credit …

-constrained investors to take excessive risks. Ignored are unconstrained investors speculating on higher prices during credit booms. To … encouraged a bank/brokerage-credit-fueled stock-market bubble. The direct effect is a 25 cent increase in a stock's market …

expansion of this market. We show that lending standards declined more in areas that experienced larger credit booms and house …