Recent years have seen a general trend in Europe to bring tort law claims against multinational companies for wrongs committed in the developing world by their subsidiaries or their contractual partners in supply chains. This article focuses on the possible vicarious liability for workers'...

Under Council Directive 85/374/EEC, liability crucially depends upon the proof of a product's defectiveness. This central notion of the Directive has however long been the source of debate about the extent to which it is grounded in a solely safety-based approach, or whether a risk-benefit...

The European Union encourages individuals to save in private and occupational pension funds to complement their state saving-plans. Throughout their lives, employers directly sponsor occupational retirement saving plans, so individual employees may top up their future pensions. While the...

In competition law, it has been established since long that a parent company and a subsidiary under certain conditions may be regarded as a ‘single economic unit' – an ‘undertaking' – with the consequence that the parent company can be held liable if the subsidiary has incurred criminal...

Recent years have seen a general trend in Europe to bring tort law claims against multinational companies for wrongs committed in the developing world by their subsidiaries or their contractual partners in supply chains. This article focuses on the possible vicarious liability for workers'...

From international law to national law : the opportunities and limits of contractual CSR supply chain governance / Kasey McCall-Smith and Andreas Rühmkorf -- Contractual enforcement of CSR clauses and the protection of weak parties in the supply chain / Vibe Ulfbeck, Ole Hansen, and Alexandra...