We investigate the degree of congruence between preferred and actual levels of ten management control system (MCS) practices in the areas of budgeting, performance evaluation, and compensation. Survey results from responsibility centre managers indicate significant disagreements between...

Purpose – This study aims to utilize two key psychoanalytical concepts – individuation and congruence – in order to analyze individual responses to organizational change and to propose a tentative framework for considering psychoanalytical dynamics when organizational change is proposed,...

With the continuous changing nature of work and increasing demands on business organisations to remain competitive and to continually innovate, while controlling ever increasing real estate costs, the role of the workplace remains the battle ground between an organisation's cost savings...

Purpose The purpose of this study is to adopt the perspective of congruence to explore how organizational unlearning facilitates knowledge transfer in cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&A). Design/methodology/approach Drawing on the congruence theory, this study built a theoretical model...

Purpose Corporate reputation is one of the key intangible assets of a company and is commonly influenced by negative posts on social media, such as customer complaints. Up to date, no known research investigates the pre- and post-social media crisis corporate social responsibility (CSR)...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the importance of territory of origin (TOO) associations for consumers’ perception of product authenticity and empirically tests the chain of effects, from TOO associations to perceived authenticity, and to consumers’ self-brand...

Purpose – This paper aims to examine how visual and haptic package design characteristics singularly and jointly affect consumers' brand impressions. Design/methodology/approach – Integrating and extending design perception with congruence and fluency theories, the paper presents three...

Purpose Previous research suggests that firms should articulate incongruent sponsorships to provide a rationale for the relationship between sponsor and sponsorship object. Fit articulation is a strategy that communicates shared associations between sponsor and object. Based on conclusion...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to compare the influence of spokesperson appearance (visual congruence) and the sounds contained in a spokesperson’s name (verbal congruence) on consumer perceptions of spokesperson–product fit. Design/methodology/approach – Two experiments were...